Definition of earthing and grounding

The terms "earthing" and "grounding" are often used interchangeably, but they have subtle differences based on their usage in electrical systems:

1.Earthing:

   Definition: 

Earthing refers to the physical connection of electrical equipment or systems to the earth's conductive surface, typically through a conductor.

   Purpose:

 The main purpose of earthing is to protect humans and equipment from electrical shocks by providing a path for fault currents to flow directly into the ground.

   Usage:

 Commonly used in British and European standards.

   Application: 

Earthing is specifically used for connecting the non-current carrying parts of the equipment (like the metal casing) to the earth.

2. Grounding:

   Definition:

 Grounding refers to connecting electrical circuits to a reference ground, usually the earth, but it can also refer to connecting to a common point like the chassis of equipment.

   Purpose:

 Grounding is done to ensure the proper functioning of the electrical system by maintaining a reference voltage level, and it helps in stabilizing voltage during faults or surges.

   Usage: 

More commonly used in American standards.

   Application: 

Grounding usually involves the current-carrying parts of the system, such as the neutral wire in an AC circuit.

Key Difference:

 While both terms involve connections to the earth, earthing is focused on safety and preventing electric shocks, whereas grounding ensures system stability and proper functioning.