How work CB and MCB circuit breakers

Here's a brief overview of how it works 

1."CB circuit breakers"

1.Detection: 

The circuit breaker detects an overload or short circuit condition. This is typically done through the use of an electromagnet or a bimetallic strip. In the case of an overload, the bimetallic strip bends due to the heat generated by the excessive current. For a short circuit, the magnetic force in the electromagnet increases significantly due to the high current.

2. Interruption:

 Once the excessive current is detected, the circuit breaker automatically trips (opens) to interrupt the flow of current. This stops the electrical flow and prevents damage to the circuit or connected devices.

3. Manual Reset: 

After tripping, the circuit breaker can be manually reset to restore normal operation. This is usually done by flipping a switch back to the "on" position once the fault condition has been resolved.

Circuit breakers are widely used in residential, commercial, and industrial settings to ensure electrical safety and prevent fires or equipment damage due to electrical faults.

2.MCB circuit breakers 

Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) are a type of circuit breaker designed for low voltage electrical circuits, typically used in residential and light commercial settings. Here's how they work:

1. Current Detection: 

MCBs continuously monitor the flow of current through the circuit they are protecting. They are designed to detect two types of faults: overloads and short circuits.

2. Overload Protection:

   Bimetallic Strip.

 Inside the MCB, there is a bimetallic strip made of two different metals bonded together. When an overload occurs (i.e., when the current exceeds the rated value but not instantaneously), the strip heats up and bends because the two metals expand at different rates.

   - Tripping Mechanism: 

This bending movement triggers the tripping mechanism, causing the MCB to open the circuit and stop the flow of current.

3. Short Circuit Protection.

   - Electromagnetic Mechanism:

 MCBs also contain an electromagnet. In the event of a short circuit, the current rises very quickly and to a very high value.

   - Instantaneous Trip:

 The high current creates a strong magnetic force in the electromagnet, which pulls a lever to immediately open the circuit, cutting off the current flow almost instantaneously.

4. Manual Operation and Reset:

   - Switch Mechanism: 

MCBs can also be manually operated using a switch or lever. If an MCB trips due to a fault, it can be reset by simply switching it back to the "on" position after addressing the underlying issue.

   - Visual Indicator:

 Most MCBs have a visual indicator showing whether the circuit is on or off, making it easy to identify a tripped breaker.

MCBs offer several advantages:

- Reusable: Unlike fuses, which must be replaced after they blow, MCBs can be reset and reused.

- Precision:

 MCBs can be more precisely calibrated to specific current ratings, providing better protection for electrical circuits.

- Convenience:

 Easier to reset and more user-friendly compared to fuses.

Overall, MCBs provide efficient and reliable protection for electrical circuits, helping to prevent damage and enhance safety.